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Heat input

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Heat input is generally defined by the formula (A x V)/TS
Where A = Current (amps)
V = Voltage (volts)
TS = Travel Speed (mm/s)
The value is normally quoted in kJ/mm.
However, some of the energy generated by the arc fails to reach the weld pool because of radiation losses. To take these losses into account, the heat input formula is multiplied by a thermal efficiency factor related to the type of welding process used.
The thermal efficiency factors are:
Submerged arc: 1.0
MIG, MMA and FCAW: 0.8
TIG and plasma: 0.6 [1]

References

  1. http://www.bocindustrial.co.uk/bocindustrial/technical/glossary/a.asp